Parental Competence in Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review
Invest. educ. enferm; 37 (3), 2019
Publication year: 2019
Objective. This work aimed to define and assess the parental competence of parents with autistic children. Methods. This study was conducted through a systematic review. The search was done in databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, Science Direct, Wiley Scopus, Pro Quest, Web of Science, Elsevier, Google Scholar, and Ovid by using keywords, like “children, autism, parenting, competence, and scale” from 1974 to 2019. Inclusion criteria were that the article should be quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method studies in nursing, psychology, and medicine; the full text of the article should be available and the article should be in English or Persian. Results. Competence among these parents was affected by more factors and they reported lower competence compared to other parents. Moreover, only two instruments were available to assess parenting competence, which were not designed for parents of autistic children. Variables and factors affecting parenting competence has not been examined well in parents of children with autism, and no specialized instrument is available to evaluate parenting competence in parents with autistic children either. Conclusion. Although parental competence has been known as the main element to improve the quality of care, it has been studied restrictively from the viewpoints of the parents of children with autism. Therefore, the development of this concept is highly essential for clinical application and investigating its outcomes support.
Objetivo. Evaluar la competencia parental de los padres con hijos autistas. Métodos. Revisión sistemática narrativa. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Cochrane, PubMed, CINAHL, Science Direct, Wiley Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, Elsevier, Google Scholar y Ovid, mediante el uso de las palabras clave "niños, autismo, crianza, competencia y escala".
Los criterios de inclusión fueron:
artículos originales o de revisión publicados entre 1974 a 2019; estudios cuantitativos, cualitativos o de métodos mixtos en las disciplinas de enfermería, psicología o medicina, y estar disponible en texto completo en inglés. Resultados. La competencia de los padres de niños con trastorno del espectro autista fue menor en comparación con padres de niños sin este trastorno. Existen dos escalas para la evaluación de la competencia parental, pero no se diseñaron para su evaluación en padres de niños autistas. Los factores que afectan la competencia parental tampoco se han examinado exclusivamente para estos padres. Conclusión. Aunque se sabe que la competencia de los padres es un elemento primordial para mejorar la calidad del cuidado del niño con autismo, el tema se ha estudiado de manera restrictiva. Es necesario el desarrollo de este concepto para la aplicación en la práctica clínica y para la investigación de sus resultados.
Objetivo. Avaliar a competência parental dos pais com filhos autistas. Métodos. Revisão sistemática narrativa. A busca se realizou nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Cochrane, PubMed, CINAHL, Science Direct, Wiley Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, Elsevier, Google Scholar e Ovid, mediante o uso das palavras clave "crianças, autismo, criança, competência e escala".
