Familias con deficiencia mental educable: riesgo y salud familiar
Families with educable mental deficiencies: Risks and family health
Familias com deficiências mentais educáveis: riscos e saúde familiar
Av. enferm; 29 (2), 2011
Publication year: 2011
El conocimiento de la familia es esencial para su cuidado, máxime si algunos de sus miembros requieren de protección permanente porque sufren Deficiencia Mental Educable (DME).
Objetivo:
Determinar el Riesgo Familiar Total (RFT) y el Grado de Salud Familiar (GSF) de las familias con uno o más miembros con DME, de un Centro Educativo Distrital de Bogotá, 2007-2009. Esta investigación se apoya en las teorías de Riesgo Familiar Total de Amaya y Organización Sistémica de Friedemann.Metodología:
Estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, con n = 129 familias evaluadas con los instrumentos: "Riesgo Familiar Total: RFT: 6-69" y "Grado de Salud Familiar ISF: GEN-25" de Amaya.Resultados:
Se encontraron 77% de familias nucleares (nucleares o nucleares modificadas en proporciones parecidas), con 66 % de sus miembros dependientes por edad o DME. El RFT calificó a las familias amenazadas en un 22% de la muestra y riesgo alto de 2%.El ISF:
GEN-25 mostró que el 21% fueron clasificadas como familias organizadas, 34% como poco organizadas y 28% como poco satisfechas, aunque 43% mostraban que eran altamente organizadas, solo 27% estaban satisfechas.Conclusión:
Por los riesgos descritos, la baja organización o la poca satisfacción, las familias requieren apoyo inmediato para mitigar los riesgos y asesoría de Enfermería en Salud Mental para mejorar la organización y satisfacción. Paralelamente, todas las familias, por su particularidad asociada con la presencia de DME, requieren de cuidado permanente y asesoría para cubrir las demandas de protección contra amenaza de crisis.
Family knowledge is essential for its care, especially when some of its members require permanent protection, as a consequence of suffering an Educable Mental Deficiency(EMD).
Goal:
To determine the Total Family Risk (TFR) and the Degree of Family Health (GSF) of the families with one or more of their members with an EMD, belonging to a District Educational Center of the City of Bogota, 2007-2009. This research is supported by the Total Family Risk theory of Amaya, and by the Systemic Organizations of Friedemann.Methodology:
Descriptive and quantitative study, with n = 129 families evaluated using the following instruments: "Total Family Risk: TFR : 6-69" and "Degree of Family Health ISF: GEN-25" of Amaya.Results:
The study found that 77% of the families were nuclear (either nuclear or modified nuclear families in similar proportions), and 66% of their members are dependent either by their age or EMD. The TFR established that 22% of its members are qualified as "menaced", and a 2% qualified as being in "high risk".The ISF:
GEN showed that 21% were classified as organized families, 34% as slightly organized and 28% as somewhat satisfied, though 43% showed high organization, but only a 27% showed satisfaction.Conclusion:
As a consequence of the described risks, little organization or low satisfaction, families require immediate support in order to mitigate the risks, as well as the counseling of the Mental Health Nursing staff to improve the organization and for greater satisfaction. Likewise, all the families, as a consequence of the presence of EMD, require constant care and counseling to satisfy the demands of protection against the threats of crisis.
Oconhecimento da família é essencial para seu cuidado, principalmente quando algum dos membros dela requer proteção permanente por causa de uma Deficiência Mental Educável (DME).
