Assistência pré-natal em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da zona Sul do município de São Paulo
Prenatal care in a primary health care unit in the south zone of São Paulo
Publication year: 2014
Este estudo buscou analisar a assistência pré-natal oferecida às gestantes matriculadas no Programa de Pré-Natal (PN) em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) da zona sul do Município de São Paulo.
Os objetivos foram:
descrever a organização e a estrutura da UBS; caracterizar as gestantes, conforme dados sociodemográficos e clínico-obstétricos; analisar o processo da assistência PN, conforme os indicadores de processo do Programa de Humanização do Pré-Natal e Nascimento (PHPN) ampliado, os critérios de adequação do pré-natal e o Índice de Kessner modificado por Takeda. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com coleta de dados por meio de entrevista com o responsável pela unidade e consulta aos dados de prontuários de gestantes matriculadas em 2011. A amostra compôs-se de 308 prontuários. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre dezembro de 2012 e março de 2013. O estudo integra o projeto Assistência pré-natal em uma região da zona sul do Município de São Paulo financiado pelo CNPq (Processo no. 485264/2011-0), realizado em 12 UBS do Distrito de Capão Redondo em São Paulo que prestam atendimento às gestantes, pelo Programa Mãe Paulistana, no âmbito da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem da USP - Parecer nº. 145.651 e pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo - Parecer nº. 156.805. Os resultados mostraram que a estrutura do serviço atende aos requisitos para o desenvolvimento de ações preconizadas para a atenção PN, apesar da insuficiência de médicos.
This study investigates the prenatal care provided to pregnant women enrolled in Prenatal (PN) Care Program in a Primary Health Unit (PHU) in the south zone of São Paulo. The aims were to describe the organization and structure of PHU; characterize pregnant women, according to sociodemographic, clinical and obstetric data, analyze the process of PN care in accordance with expanded process indicators of national Program for Humanization of Prenatal and Birth (PHPB), standards for adequacy of prenatal care and Kessner index modified by Takeda. This is a cross-sectional study with data collection through interviews with the responsible of the unit and examination the data from medical records of pregnant women enrolled in 2011. The sample consisted of 308 records. Data collection had been done through December 2012 to March 2013. The study integrates the Prenatal care in a region of the southern zone of São Paulo " project supported by CNPq (Process no. 485264/2011-0), conducted in 12 PHU of Capão Redondo district in São Paulo that provide care for pregnant women, under the Mother Paulistana program through Family Health Strategy (FHS) . The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing - Decision nº. 145.651 and by the Ethics Committee in Research of the Municipal Health Secretary of São Paulo - Decision nº. 156.805. The results showed that the structure of the service meets the requirements for the development of actions recommended for the PN care, despite the shortage of medical doctors. The women were young, mean age 24 years, 52,3% biracial; 58,2% with 8-11 years of education, 43,6% had a partner and children, 87,9% married or single in a stable relationship; 40,0% primigravidae.t had been observed that 82,1% of the sample began PN care up to 16 weeks of gestation; 84,1% had the minimum number of six appointments, 63,6 % had at least one appointment in the first quarter, two on the second and three in the third, 16,2% began PN care up to 16 weeks of pregnancy, had a minimum of six appointments and did all basic examinations, 13,3 % began PN care up to 16 weeks of pregnancy, have a minimum of six appointments, basic tests and a puerperal appointment (PA), 9,7% began PN care up to 16 weeks of pregnancy, had a minimum of six appointments, did the essential exams, PA and immunizing dose of tetanus vaccine, 67,5% were immune or received tetanus immunization and 89,0% had PA. Analyzing PN care by Kessner index modified by Takeda, 79,2 % pregnant women had adequate PN care; 5,9% inappropriate and 14,9% intermediate. No differences were found between appropriate and inappropriate PN care groups in almost all the variables studied. It was concluded that prenatal care under FHS has been showed a model of care with good results of adequacy to prenatal care criteria of PHPB and Kessner Index modified by Takeda. Nevertheless, the records showed flaws in to carry out basic examinations, immunizations and participation in educational groups.
